How Do Encryptions Generate Keys

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5 min readJun 30, 2021

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Azure Storage encrypts all data in a storage account at rest. By default, data is encrypted with Microsoft-managed keys. For additional control over encryption keys, you can supply customer-managed keys to use for encryption of blob and file data.

If you use encryption to store data then you generate the IV using CryptGenRandom (or its.net equivalent RandomNumberGenerator.GetBytes) and save it along the document (in clear, no need to protect the IV). You never write down the key, the key is provided by the user. Nov 28, 2016 A cryptographic key is data that is used to lock or unlock cryptographic functions such as encryption, authentication and authorization. Keys are typically designed to be both random and reasonably long such that they are difficult to guess. The following are common types of cryptographic key. The text to be transmitted securely will be encrypted, not by public key cryptography, but by using SYMMETRIC key encryption. This is typically a 128 bit cipher, but can be greater. Symmetric key methods need both sites to use the same key. To do this one site must at some stage originate the key then send a copy of it to the other.

Customer-managed keys must be stored in an Azure Key Vault. You can either create your own keys and store them in a key vault, or you can use the Azure Key Vault APIs to generate keys. The storage account and the key vault must be in the same region, but they can be in different subscriptions. For more information about Azure Storage encryption and key management, see Azure Storage encryption for data at rest. For more information about Azure Key Vault, see What is Azure Key Vault?

How Do Encryptions Generate Keys Work

This article shows how to configure an Azure Key Vault with customer-managed keys using the Azure portal. To learn how to create a key vault using the Azure portal, see Quickstart: Set and retrieve a secret from Azure Key Vault using the Azure portal.

Configure Azure Key Vault

Using customer-managed keys with Azure Storage encryption requires that two properties be set on the key vault, Soft Delete and Do Not Purge. These properties are not enabled by default, but can be enabled using either PowerShell or Azure CLI on a new or existing key vault.

To learn how to enable these properties on an existing key vault, see the sections titled Enabling soft-delete and Enabling Purge Protection in one of the following articles:

  • How to use soft-delete with PowerShell.
  • How to use soft-delete with CLI.

Only 2048-bit RSA and RSA-HSM keys are supported with Azure Storage encryption. For more information about keys, see Key Vault keys in About Azure Key Vault keys, secrets and certificates.

Enable customer-managed keys

To enable customer-managed keys in the Azure portal, follow these steps:

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  1. Navigate to your storage account.
  2. On the Settings blade for the storage account, click Encryption. Select the Customer Managed Keys option, as shown in the following image.

Specify a key

After you enable customer-managed keys, you’ll have the opportunity to specify a key to associate with the storage account.

Specify a key as a URI

To specify a key as a URI, follow these steps:

  1. To locate the key URI in the Azure portal, navigate to your key vault, and select the Keys setting. Select the desired key, then click the key to view its versions. Select a key version to view the settings for that version.
  2. Copy the value of the Key Identifier field, which provides the URI.
  3. In the Encryption settings for your storage account, choose the Enter key URI option.
  4. Paste the URI that you copied into the Key URI field.
  5. Specify the subscription that contains the key vault.
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  7. Save your changes.

Specify a key from a key vault

To specify a key from a key vault, first make sure that you have a key vault that contains a key. To specify a key from a key vault, follow these steps:

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  1. Choose the Select from Key Vault option.
  2. To generate an SSH key in Windows 10: Ensure the Windows 10 OpenSSH client is installed. Run “ssh-keygen” in Command Prompt and follow the instructions to generate your key. To generate the public/private key pair, enter this in the Command Prompt: ssh-keygen At the first prompt, “Enter file in which to save the key,” press Enter to save it in the default location. I want to generate an RSA public private key pair in powershell without using external software and I want to test it. It should be able to encrypt/decrypt data on any online public/private key verification service. Purpose- Strictly Educational. I’m very well aware that you shouldn’t export your private key online for security purposes. Rsa. Although many third party software packages can be used, this Lab Step uses PuTTYgen to generate SSH keys. Invoke PuTTYgen on your local Windows host. Leave the Parameters at their default values. (RSA keys, 2048 bits.) Click Generate. Move your mouse to the appropriate area of the window as directed. Click Save public ke y. Save the public key in a safe place with a recognizable name.
  3. Select the key vault containing the key you want to use.
  4. Select the key from the key vault.
  5. Save your changes.

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Update the key version

When you create a new version of a key, update the storage account to use the new version. Follow these steps:

  1. Navigate to your storage account and display the Encryption settings.
  2. Enter the URI for the new key version. Alternately, you can select the key vault and the key again to update the version.
  3. Save your changes.

Use a different key

To change the key used for Azure Storage encryption, follow these steps:

  1. Navigate to your storage account and display the Encryption settings.
  2. Enter the URI for the new key. Alternately, you can select the key vault and choose a new key.
  3. Save your changes.

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Disable customer-managed keys

When you disable customer-managed keys, your storage account is once again encrypted with Microsoft-managed keys. To disable customer-managed keys, follow these steps:

  1. Navigate to your storage account and display the Encryption settings.
  2. Deselect the checkbox next to the Use your own key setting.

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Next steps

How To Generate Encryption Keys

  • What is Azure Key Vault?

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